Beneath the Surface: Understanding Teen Suicide and How You Can Help
Teen Suicide Prevention Week serves as an important reminder that many adolescents are quietly carrying emotional burdens that can feel overwhelming, confusing and deeply isolating. Adolescence is a period of intense emotional, social and developmental change. And while it can be a time of growth and discovery, it can also be a time of profound vulnerability.
By increasing awareness, reducing stigma and fostering open conversations, we create safer spaces for teens to feel seen, heard, and supported.
How Common Are Mental Health Struggles in Teens?
Mental health challenges among adolescents are far more common than many realise.
Globally, approximately 1 in 7 adolescents live with a mental health condition. Anxiety and depression being the most prevalent. Suicide remains one of the leading causes of death among young people worldwide, highlighting the urgent need for prevention, early intervention, and compassionate support.
In South Africa, suicide rates among adolescents remain disconcertingly high. This reflect the emotional distress many young people experience and often struggle to articulate.
These statistics remind us that emotional pain in teens is not rare, dramatic, or attention-seeking but rather real, significant and deserving of care.
Common Triggers Teens May Face
Today’s teens are navigating a world that is fast-paced, highly connected and often relentlessly demanding. Some of the emotional stressors they may face include:
Bullying and cyberbullying.
Academic pressure and fear of failure.
Peer pressure and social comparison.
Social media expectations and online harassment.
Family conflict or instability.
Trauma, grief and loss.
Identity struggles, self-esteem difficulties and feeling “not enough”
While not every teen exposed to these challenges becomes suicidal, prolonged emotional distress without adequate support can increase vulnerability.
Signs That a Teen May Be Struggling
Teens don’t always have the words to express their emotional pain. Often, their distress shows up through changes in behaviour, mood or functioning.
Some warning signs include:
Withdrawing from family, friends or activities they once enjoyed.
Noticeable mood changes, irritability or emotional numbness.
Changes in sleep, appetite or energy levels.
Increased anxiety, tearfulness or anger.
Expressions of hopelessness, worthlessness or feeling like a burden.
Talking or writing about death, disappearing or not wanting to exist.
Giving away possessions or saying goodbye in unusual ways.
Risk-taking behaviour or increased substance use.
Any mention of self-harm or suicidal thoughts should always be taken seriously.
What Families and Friends Can Look Out For And How They Can Help
One of the strongest protective factors against teen suicide is feeling emotionally connected and supported.
Here are some gentle but powerful ways caregivers and loved ones can help:
1. Create Safe Spaces for Conversation
Let your teen know that their feelings are welcome. Listen with curiosity rather than judgment. Avoid rushing to fix. Sometimes being present and attuned is more healing than any solution.
2. Validate Their Experience
Statements like “it’s just a phase” or “you’ll be fine” may unintentionally minimise their pain. Instead, try:
“That sounds really hard. I’m glad you told me.”
3. Stay Gently Connected
Small moments matter. Regular check-ins, shared meals, car rides or bedtime chats can build emotional safety and trust over time.
4. Encourage Professional Support Early
Seeking help is not a sign of failure, it is a powerful act of care. Early therapeutic support can significantly reduce distress and build coping skills.
5. Trust Your Instincts
If something feels off, don’t ignore it. You know your teen best. Early intervention can save lives.
Important South African Suicide Support Resources
If your teen or someone you love is struggling, confidential help is available:
SADAG – South African Depression and Anxiety Group
📞 Suicide Crisis Line (24/7): 0800 567 567
📞 Mental Health Line: 011 234 4837
💬 SMS: 31393
Lifeline South Africa
📞 0861 322 322
These services provide compassionate, trained support for individuals and families in distress.
Closing Reflection
Teen Suicide Prevention Week reminds us that connection saves lives. Every safe conversation, every moment of listening and every act of compassion can make a meaningful difference.
If you are worried about a teen in your life, please reach out for support. No one should have to navigate emotional pain alone and help is always available.